All economic activities – primary activities, secondary activities and tertiary activities and tertiary activities revolve around obtaining and utilizing resources necessary for survival. Here secondary activities are concerned with manufacturing, processing and construction industries. and Hence, use this keywords and points for solving multiple choice questions. So, read these carefully.
- Secondary activities are transforming raw materials and make it more valuable products.
- Silicon Valley situated in California, USA.
- What is manufacturing?
Answer: Manufacturing literally means to make by hand. However, now it includes goods made by machines. So, It is essentially a process involving transforming raw materials into finished goods of higher value for sale in local or distant markets. - There are many secondary activities except manufacturing. Like, Entertainment or tourism industries.
- What is the smallest unit of manufacturing?
Answer: Cottage industries. - Give an example of agro based industry?
Answer: Sugar industry and cotton textile industry etc. - Write any two Industries based on forest?
Answer: Paper and medicine or wood industries. - Many industries use non-metallic minerals. and cement and pottery industries are like this.
- Which area is called the Rust bowl of the USA?
Answer: Pittsburgh. - Which type of industries produce raw materials for the Other industries?
Answer: Basic industries and it is like Iron and Steel industry. - Write the most important and significant industrial area of Germany.
Answer: Ruhr region and located in Germany. hence - Give any two examples of high tech industries.
Answer: Computer and Chemicals. - in which economy, factors of production are owned by individuals?
Answer: Capitalist. What is the full form of CAD?
Answer: Computer Aided Design.- Which area is known as ‘rust bowl’ of USA?
Answer: Pittsburgh region is the main center of steel industry. Therefore, this region is known as rust bowl. - The Ruhr region is responsible for 80% of Germany’s total steel production and this is more developed region.
- Joint sector industries mainly managed by joint stock companies or sometimes the private and private sectors together establish and manage the industries.
- Foot loose industries can be located in a wide variety of places. and They are not dependent on any specific raw material, and markets or others. They largely depend on component parts which can be obtained anywhere. Foot loose industries produce in small quantity and also employ a small labour force. and They are not polluting industries.
- The important factor of the location of cotton textile is accessibility by road networks and then others.
- The characteristics of modern industries are as follows:
1. a complex machine technology, and 2. extreme specialization, and 3. vast capital, and 4. large organization, and 5. executive bureaucracy.
Secondary Activities
1. Which of the following economic activity transform raw material into finished products? (Secondary Activities)
a. Primary
b. Secondary
c. Tertiary
d. Quaternary
Ans. (b)
2. Secondary activities are mainly concerned with which of the following?
a. Manufacturing industries
b. Processing industries
c. Construction or infrastructure industries
d. All the above
Ans. (d)
3. Which of the following is not an example of manufacturing or secondary activities?
a. Molding iron and steel
b. Extraction of minerals
c. Stamping out plastic toys
d. Assembling of delicate computer components
Ans. (b)
4. Which of the following feature is not associated with modern large scale Manufacturing?
a. Production done by manually or by simple machines and tools
b. Adoption of specialized methods of production
c. Based on organizational structure and stratification
d. Technological innovation through research and development
Ans. (a)
5. Which of the following is the most important in terms of location of any industry?
a. Favorable land location
b. Amount of capital
c. Minimum production cost
d. All of the above
Ans. (c)
6. Which of the following point is correctly define the importance of industry in terms of its location?
a. Peoples having demand for goods manufactured in particular industry as well as having
purchasing power.
b. Nearness of trading centers to the residential areas.
c. Where goods are sold at cheap rates
d. None of the above
Ans. (a)
7. Which of the following factors mainly attracts the high concentration of industries in Western
Europe and Eastern-North America?
a. Availability of raw material in close vicinity
b. Highly developed transport system
c. Favorable government policies
d. Availability of plenty of water
e. Ans. (b)
8. Which of the following factor is mainly responsible for the location of ‘Foot loose Industries’?
a. Accessibility by road network
b. Close proximity to raw material producing area
c. Availability of cheap and skilled labor on large scale
d. None of the above
Ans. (a)
9. Which of the following is not an example of cottage industry?
a. Making of jeweler of gold, silver and bronze by a jeweler
b. Furniture making by a carpenter at home
c. Crafts made up of bamboo
d. Watch making
Ans. (d)
10. Which of the following country is not associated with earlier large scale industries?
a. China
b. North-Eastern USA
c. Europe
d. U.K.
Ans. (a)
11. Which of the following pair is not matched correctly?
Industries raw material taken from
a. Beverages industry Agriculture
b. Woolen textile Animals
c. Paper industry Forests
d. Jeweler industry Chemicals
Ans. (d)
12. Which of the following industry is regarded as basic industry?
a. Consumer goods
b. Iron and steel
c. Chemical industry
d. Cotton textile
Ans. (b)
13. Leather industry possess the example of which of the following industry?
a. Forest based industry
b. Chemical based industry
c. Animal based industry
d. Mineral based industry
Ans. (c)
14. What are the basic features of traditional large scale industrial regions?
a. These are based on heavy engineering
b. located near coal-fields and engaged in metal smelting
c. High proportion of employment in manufacturing industry
d. All of the above
Ans. (d)
15. Consider and evaluate the following statements and choose correct option from given options.
1. Traditional large scale industries are now known as smokestack industries.
2. These are often located near coal-fields to fulfill energy requirements.
Optionsa. Only 1 is correct
b. Both 1 and 2 are correct and statement 2 correctly explains the statement 1
c. Only 2 is correct
d. Both 1 and 2 is correct
e. Ans. (b)
16. Which of the following are the characteristics of Agri-buisnessfarm?
a. Farms are mechanized and large in size
b. It is commercial farming on an industrial scale often financed by business whose main
interest lie outside agriculture
c. Reliant on chemicals
d. All of the above
Ans. (d)
17. Which of the following area has now considered as the ‘Rust bowl’ of U.S.A.?
a. Pittsburg
b. Cleveland
c. Appalachian region
d. Great Lake region
Ans. (a)
18. Which of the following industry is losing importance in the Ruhr region of Germany for which it was known initially?
a. Opel car assembly plant
b. New chemical plants
c. Coal and steel
d. None of the above
Ans. (c)
19. In which of the following industry, white collar workers make up a large share of the total workforce.
a. Traditional iron and steel industry
b. High technology industry
c. Cotton textile industry
d. None of the above
Ans. (b)
20. Blue collar workers stands for
a. Cultivators
b. Teachers & doctors
c. Factory workers
d. Laborers
Ans. (c)
21. Which of the following is not an identical mark of the high tech industrial landscape?
a. Industrial waste and pollution
b. Neatly spaced
c. Modern dispersed office plant
d. White collar jobs outnumber the blue collar jobs
Ans.(a)
22. Which of the following possess the best example of technologies?
a. Silicon valley near San Francisco
b. Silicon valley in Mexico
c. Silicon Forest near Seattle
d. Only (a) and (c) are correct
Ans. (d)
23. Which of the following country does not produce cotton textile from imported cotton?
a. U.K. b. North-Western Europe
c. Japan d. Sri Lanka
Ans. (d)
24. Why cotton textile industries shifted from highly developed countries to less developed countries?
a. Due to production of good quality raw cotton in these countries
b. Due to low labor cost in such countries
c. Due to good infrastructure
d. All of the above
Ans. (d)
25. Match the column I to Column II and make the correct pairs by using correct codes from the
given options;
COLUMN I COLUMN II
(Countries) (Steel producing centre)
I. U.S.A. 1. Dusseldorf
II. Germany 2. Great Lake
III. Russia 3.Sheffield
IV. U.K. 4. Ukrain
CodesI II II IV
a. 2 1 4 3
b. 1 2 3 4
c. 3 1 2 4
d. 2 3 4 1
Ans.(a)
3 MARK QUESTIONS
Q. Secondary activities add value to natural resources. How?
Ans: Transforming of raw materials into valuable products. Secondary activities add value to natural resources. Secondary activities are concerned with manufacturing processing and construction industries in order to add value to the natural resources
Q. Write short note on Footloose Industry.
Ans: Footloose Industries can be located in a wide variety of places. They are not dependent on any specific raw material, weight losing or otherwise they largely depend on compounded parts which can be obtained anywhere
Q. What is the meaning of high Technology Industry? State any two characteristics of this industry.
Ans: High technology is the latest generation of manufacturing activities as the application of intensive research and development efforts leading to the manufacturing of product of an advanced scientific and Engineering characteristic
Two characteristics :
i) Professional white collar workers make up large share of the total workplace in thing technology industry.
ii) Modern office plant lab buildings other than massive assembly structures factories and storage areas mark the high Technology industrial landscape .
Q. State any three characteristics of modern manufacturing.
Ans: Three characteristics of modern manufacturing:
i) A complex machine Technology.
ii) Extreme specialisation and division of labour for producing more with less effort and low cost.
iii) Vast capital.
iv) Large organisation.
Q. Name any three criteria’s for classifying industries based on size.
Ans: i) Amount of capital invested
ii) Number of workers employed
iii) Volume of production
Q. Name three sub sectors of cotton textile industry.
Ans: i) Handloom
ii) Powerloom
iii) Mill sector
SOURCE BASED QUESTION (3×1=3)
Q. ‘Manufacturing Industry’
Manufacturing literally means ‘to make by hand’. However, now it includes goods ‘made by machines’. It is essentially a process which involves transforming raw materials into finished goods of higher value for sale in local or distant markets. Conceptually, an industry is a
geographically located manufacturing unit maintaining books of accounts and records under a management system. As the term industry is comprehensive, it is also used as synonymous with ‘manufacturing’. When one uses terms like ‘steel industry’ and ‘chemical industry’, one thinks of factories and processes. But there are many secondary activities which are not carried on in factories such as what is now called the ‘entertainment industry’ and ‘Tourism industry’, etc. So for clarity, the longer expression ‘manufacturing industry’ is used.
Q1(a). What do you understand by the term Manufacturing?
Q2(b). Manufacturing involves value addition. “Explain with any one suitable example.
Q3(c). Name two industries which provide services rather than production of good.
ANS:
Q1(a). Manufacturing literally means ‘to make by hand’. However, now it includes goods ’made by machines’.
Q2(b). It is essentially a process which involves transforming raw materials into finished goods of higher value. Example; Raw cotton is transformed to more valuable threads and then threads are further transformed into more valuable fabric.(Any other relevant example)
Q3(c). The ‘entertainment industry’ and ‘Tourism industry
5 MARKS QUESTIONS
Q. Describe the factors that affect the location of industries.
Ans: Factors that affect the location of industries:
i) Access to market
ii) Access to raw materials
iii) Access to power supply
iv) Access to labour supply
v) Access to transportation and communication facilities
vi) Government policy
vii) Access to agglomeration economies/ links between industries.
Q. Distinguish between the large scale industries and small scale industries.
Ans: Distinguish between the small scale industry large scale industries.
Large scale industries Small scale industries
i) The place of manufacturing is a huge industry i) The place of manufacturing is a workshop outside the home or cottage of the producer
ii) It requires large capital investment ii) Capital investment is little
iii) This type of three uses pages from materials and large market for the produce
iii) This type of manufacturing uses local raw material
iv) Specialised workers iv) Semi skilled labour
v) Advanced technology v) Simple power and driven machines
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