Human Development
The concept of human development was introduced by Dr. Mahbul-ul-Haq. human development is a process of enlarging peoples choices and raising the level of their well beings. People can live meaningful life. Life with some purpose, people must be healthy, develop their talent, participate in society and be free to achieve their estimated goal.
- Who introduced the concept of Human Development?
Answer: Dr. Mahbub Ul Haque. - Write four pillar of the Human Devt.
Answer: Equality, sustainability, productivity and empowerment. - What is the full form of ILO?
Answer: International Labour Organization. - What is the full form of UNDP?
Answer: United Nations development programme. - Which Countries has the highest H.D. Index?
Answer: Norway. - What is the place of India in HDI of the world?
Answer: 130th (0.64). - How many countries come under high HDI category?
Answer: 57. - in which year was the first HD report published by UNDP?
Answer: 1990. - Write any two components of HD.
Answer: education and health. - Growth it is quantitative ans value neutral, it may be positive or negative.
- Norway, Australia, Netherlands, USA are four countries with high HDI.
- There are four groups of HDI; a) Very High (Above 0.8), b) High (0.701-0.799), c)Medium (0.550-0.700), and d)Low (Below 0.549).
Human Development
1. Which of the following points correctly defines the term growth? (Human Development)
a. Refer to change over a period of time.
b. Quantitative and value neutral
c. May be positive or negative
d. All the above
Ans. (d)
2. Which of the following is the meaning of development?
a. Negative as well as positive
b. Qualitative change which is always value positive
c. When there is quantitative change, development takes place
d. None of the above
Ans. (b)
3. Which of the only criterion was used earlier for many decades to measure a country’s level of development?
a. In terms of its economic growth
b. In terms of increased literacy
c. In terms of increasing basic amenities
d. In terms of more expenditure in the field of education
Ans. (a)
4. Which of the following economists developed the concept of Human Development?
a. Amartya Sen
b. Kailash Satyarthi
c. Muhammad Yunus
d. Dr. Mehboob-ul-Haq
Ans. (d)
5. Which of the following is an important aspects of Human Development?
a. Quality of life people enjoy in a country
b. Availability of opportunities
c. Freedoms they enjoy
d. All the above
Ans. (d)
6. According to Dr. Mehboob-ul-Haq, which of the following is central point to all development?
a. Basic infrastructure
b. People
c. Stress on education
d. All of above
Ans. (b)
7. Which of the following point was mainly taken into consideration regarding human development described by Dr. Mehboob-ul-Haq?
a. Development that enlarges people choices
b. Continuous growth of country’s economy
c. Development of basic infrastructure
d. Development of educational facilities
Ans. (a)
8. Which of the following is the basic goal of development?
a. To create conditions where people can live meaningful life
b. People must be healthy, be able to develop their talents
c. Participation of people in society and be free to achieve their goals
d. All the above
Ans. (d)
9. Which of the following is not a key area of human development?
a. Access to resources
b. Access to health
c. Access to education
d. Access to lead a luxurious life
Ans. (d)
10. Which of the following reasons are responsible for the incapability and non freedom to make
even basic choices?
a. Their inability to acquire knowledge
b. Their material poverty
c. Social discrimination and inefficiency of institutions
d. All the above
Ans. (d)
11. Which of the following pair is not correctly matched
Pillars of Human Development Indicators:
a. Equity – making equal access to opportunities available to everybody
b. Sustainability – Continuity in the availability of opportunities
c. Productivity – Resources must be used keeping in mind the future
d. Empowerment- To have the power to make choices
Ans. (c)
12. Which of the following is most required to empower people?
a. To provide better health facilities
b. Good governance and people-oriented policies
c. Each generation must have the same opportunities
d. Sustainable use of resources
Ans. (b)
13. An uneducated child cannot make the choice to be a doctor because her choice has got limited by her
a. lack of education
b. economic and social backwardness
c. Lack of health facilities
d. All the above
Ans. (a)
14. Which of the following pair is not matched correctly?
Approaches features
a. Income approach – Human development is seen as being linked to income
b. Welfare Approach – It looks at human beings as beneficiaries or targets of all development activities
c. Basic Needs Approach- Proposed by Dr. Mehboob-ul-Haq in which human choices are considered
d. Capability Approach – Associated to Prof. Amartya Sen. Building human capabilities in the areas of health, education and resources
Ans. (c)
15. Which of the following is chosen as the health indicator of human development?
a. Life expectancy at birth
b. Good health
c. Total expenditure on health services
d. All the above
Ans. (a)
16. Which of the following indicators are used to asses’ access to knowledge?
a. Adult literacy rate
b. Gross enrollment ratio
c. Longer and healthier lives
d. Both (a) and (b) are correct
Ans. (d)
17. Which of the following score represent the greater level of human development?
a. When the score is closer to 0.268
b. When the score is closer to 1
c. When the score is closer to 0.586
d. When the score is closer to -1
Ans. (b)
18. How can we measure the access to resources?
a. Purchasing power in U.S. Dollars
b. Per Capita Income
c. Gross income of country
d. Living standard of people
Ans. (a)
19. Which of the following criterion are used to show the shortfall in human development in any region?
a. The probability of not surviving till the age of 40
b. The number of people who do not have access to clean water
c. The number of small children who are underweight
d. All of the above
Ans. (d)
20. Which of the following countries is having lower rank in terms of human development index?
a. Sri Lanka
b. India
c. Tobago
d. Trinidad
Ans. (b)
21. Which of the following states performs much better in human development despite having lower per capita income?
a. Punjab
b. Haryana
c. Kerala
d. Tamil Nadu
Ans. (c)
22. Which of the following countries attained a top rank in terms of its Human Development Index Value?
a. Norway
b. Denmark
c. Netherlands
d. Ireland
Ans. (a)
23. Consider the following points, evaluate them and choose the correct option from the given options
1. Assersion: High level of human development group has 55 countries.
2. Reason: A higher investment in people and good governance has set this group apart from others.
Options:
a. Both statements are true, statement 2 does not explain statement 1 correctly
b. Both statements are true and statement 2 very correctly explains the statement 1
c. Both statements 1 and 2 are wrong.
d. Both Statements are invalid
Ans. (b)
24. Which of the following characteristics are related with the countries having high level of human development index?
a. Many of were former imperial powers and having low social diversity
b. Most of the high scorer countries are located in Europe.
c. Most of countries represent the industrialized western world
d. All the above
Ans. (d)
25. Which of the following factors are responsible for having the low level of human development index in some countries?
a. Political turmoil
b. Social instability in the form of civil war
c. Famine or high incidence of diseases
d. All the above
Ans. (d)
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